Background Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas include adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus(DE)and gastric cardia(GC).It is controversial whether these tumors are the same entity and whether they have the same survival rates.Patients with DE and GC adenocarcinomas have a similar survival rate in the US;however,data are lacking in Asian countries.Therefore,we conducted a retrospective study to understand the implications of the tumor location in the survival of Asian patients.Methods A total of 209 patients with pathologically confirmed DE and GC adenocarcinomas,from 2005 to 2007,were included in the study.We identified patients with adenocarcinomas of the DE(DE group,n=91)and GC(GC group)(n=118).We performed an unadjusted survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method,and used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to adjust for potential confounding covariates.Results We found no significant difference between the overall survival of the DE and GC groups.The 3-year survival rates were 44.8％ and 53.0％,respectively,and the 5-year survival rates were 27.9％ and 30.2％,respectively(P=0.162).We found no significant difference in early staging,advanced staging,different T staging,and different N staging,between the groups.Both advanced post-operative N staging and advanced AJCC staging had a significant adverse effect on survival.Conclusions Patients with DE and GC adenocarcinomas have similar survival rates in the Asian population.Both post-operative N staging and AJCC staging are prognostic factors.