A high power cryogenic cooling Tm-doped (2%) GdVO4 laser double-end-pumped by fiber-coupled-diode with the center wavelength of 804.5 nm at 21 Celsius degree is reported. The highest continuous-wave (CW) power of 2.35 W at 1903 nm is attained at pump powe
In order to improve depth extraction accuracy, a method using moving array lenslet technique (MALT) in pickup stage is proposed, which can decrease the depth interval caused by pixelation. In this method, the lenslet array is moved along the horizontal an
Atom lithography suffers from serious practical limitations, which have limited the application of this technique in practice. Double deposition method, manipulation of atoms with a linear polarization gradient laser field and moving substrate during depo
The control of spin electromagnetic (EM) waves is of great significance in optical communications. Although geometric metasurfaces have shown unprecedented capability to manipulate the wavefronts of spin EM waves, it is still challenging to independently