一、前言 黑蜂属于西方蜜蜂种,在新疆伊犁等地区已有几十年的饲养历史,经过长期的定地饲养,已成为适应新疆天山地区蜜源和汽候条件的一种特有的蜜蜂资源。在新疆蜂业生产中占有一定的地位。但自六十年代转地放蜂盛行,越来越多的内地蜂场赴疆放蜂以来,一些地区的黑蜂品种逐渐混杂,病虫害感染。优良性状衰退,群数也日渐减少。 I. Introduction The black bee belongs to the western bee species. In the past several decades of breeding history in the Ili area, Xinjiang, the black bee has become a unique honeybee resource adapted to the honey source and the weather conditions in the Tianshan area of ​​Xinjiang after long-term rearing. In Xinjiang apiculture occupies a certain position. However, since the 1960s, the transfer of pests to the epidemic is prevalent. Since more and more Mainland bee bursts go to Xinjiang for beekeeping, the black bee species in some areas are gradually mixed with pests and diseases. Good traits decline, the number of groups is also decreasing.