急性肾功能衰竭(acnte reual failure,ARF)常发生于严重创伤、长时间的手术、败血症、心源性休克、低血压或应用氨基甙类抗生素的患者。尽管有透析疗法,但死亡率仍很高。本文主要阐述:①复习有关解释ARF发病机理的假设;②简要介绍保护ARF的治疗进展;③提出今后防治ARF的方向。 ARF发病机理研究现状用以研究ARF的动物模型主要有两种:缺血型和肾毒型。缺血型的肾缺血可用肾动脉堵塞、肾动脉灌注肾上腺素(epinephrine,EPI)或去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、静脉注入EPI等方法造成;肾毒型则用肌注甘油模拟创伤时的肌红蛋白释放,以及用如氨基甙类抗生素的肾毒性药物或重金属等方法获得。缺血型模型可产生类似人类ARF的肾血 Acute renal failure (acnte reual failure, ARF) often occurs in patients with severe trauma, prolonged surgery, sepsis, cardiogenic shock, hypotension or the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Despite dialysis, mortality is still high. This article mainly elaborated: ① review the hypothesis about explaining the pathogenesis of ARF; ② briefly introduce the progress of the protection of ARF; ③ put forward the future direction of prevention and treatment of ARF. Current status of ARF pathogenesis There are two main animal models used to study ARF: ischemia and nephrotoxicity. Ischemic renal ischemia can be blocked by the renal artery, renal artery perfusion of epinephrine (EPI) or norepinephrine (NE), intravenous injection of EPI and other methods; nephrotoxicity is intramuscular injection of glycerol to simulate trauma Myoglobin release, as well as with aminoglycosides such as nephrotoxic drugs or heavy metals and other methods to obtain. Ischemic model produces renal blood that resembles human ARF