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目的探讨分析引起儿童过敏的食物过敏原分布情况。方法 238例疑似食物过敏的儿童患者中临床表现为皮肤症状118例、胃肠道症状69例、呼吸道症状51例,采用免疫印迹法检测血清中7种食物性过敏原(鸡蛋白、牛奶、鱼/虾/蟹组合、牛/羊肉组合、腰果/花生/黄豆组合、芒果、小麦)s Ig E抗体,并比较不同过敏原之间s Ig E抗体阳性率及不同临床症状患儿间各s Ig E抗体阳性率。结果 7种食物性过敏原s Ig E抗体阳性率的排列顺序为鸡蛋白(35.71%)>牛奶(22.27%)>鱼/虾/蟹组合(16.39%)>腰果/花生/黄豆组合(12.18%)>小麦(6.3%)>牛/羊肉组合(3.78%)>芒果(3.36%)。其中鸡蛋白在3种不同临床症状患儿中阳性率最高,与其他食物性过敏原s Ig E抗体阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论鸡蛋白是儿童主要的食物性过敏原,在不同症状患儿中检出阳性率最高。牛奶、鱼/虾/蟹组合及腰果/花生/黄豆组合也有较高的阳性率。
Objective To investigate the distribution of food allergens caused by children’s allergy. Methods The clinical manifestations of 238 children with suspected food allergy were 118 skin lesions, 69 gastrointestinal symptoms and 51 respiratory symptoms. The serum levels of 7 foodborne allergens (egg white, milk, fish / Shrimp / crab combination, cow / lamb combination, cashew / peanut / soybean combination, mango and wheat) s Ig E antibody, and compared the positive rate of s Ig E antibody between different allergens and the s Ig E antibody positive rate. Results The positive rates of s Ig E in 7 kinds of food allergens were in the order of egg white (35.71%), milk (22.27%), fish / shrimp / crab combination (16.39%), cashew / peanut / )> Wheat (6.3%)> beef / mutton combination (3.78%)> mango (3.36%). Chicken egg white in three different clinical symptoms in children with the highest positive rate, and other foodborne allergen s Ig E antibody positive rate difference was statistically significant (P all <0.01). Conclusion Chicken protein is a major food allergen in children, with the highest positive rate in children with different symptoms. Milk, fish / shrimp / crab combination and cashew / peanut / soy combination also have a higher positive rate.