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长安区区内地层岩性、地质构造多样,加之人类经济工程活动、降雨、地震等诱发影响,秦岭北坡及黄土台塬边缘滑坡崩塌地质灾害发育,是陕西省地质灾害较严重的县(区)之一。本文以长安区为研究区域,在对长安区自然地理及区域地质环境条件等资料充分收集的基础上,结合长安区滑坡崩塌灾害点的实际调查资料,详细分析了长安区的滑坡崩塌灾害发育特征及空间分布规律,并采用网络覆盖法,对长安区滑坡崩塌地质灾害的空间分布进行了分形分维计算。求得地质灾害的空间分布分维值为0.876 6,反应出长安区滑坡崩塌地质灾害空间分布特性的复杂性。研究结果表明,分形分维理论能合理评价地质灾害空间分布特征,对类似地区的地质灾害空间分布特征分析具有借鉴意义。
In addition, due to the influence of human economic engineering activities, rainfall and earthquakes, the geological disasters of the landslide collapse on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains and the Loess Plateau are the most serious geological disasters in Shaanxi Province (counties) one. Taking Chang’an District as a research area, based on the full collection of the data of natural geography and regional geological and environmental conditions in Chang’an District and combining with the actual survey data of landslide collapse in Chang’an District, this paper analyzes in detail the development characteristics of landslide collapse disaster in Chang’an District And the spatial distribution law, and using the network coverage method, fractal and fractal dimension calculation of the spatial distribution of landslide collapse in Chang’an District was carried out. The fractal dimension of the spatial distribution of geological disasters obtained is 0.876 6, which reflects the complexity of the spatial distribution characteristics of landslide collapse in Chang’an District. The results show that the fractal fractal dimension theory can reasonably evaluate the spatial distribution of geological disasters and provide reference for the analysis of the spatial distribution of geological disasters in similar areas.