背景:被动吸烟致对胚胎神经系统发育影响的报道比较少见,并缺乏有效的防治措施。我们以往实验证明,被动吸烟可致仔鼠海马组织神经生长因子含量减少,学习能力下降。小脑皮质也是胚胎期神经生长因子水平较高的部位之一,被动吸烟也可能降低小脑皮质神经生长因子的含量。牛磺酸在哺乳类动物的脑内含量丰富,神经元和神经胶质细胞可能通过选择性储存和释放牛磺酸,以维持脑组织的正常活动,牛磺酸的合成和摄入受阻可能导致其功能异常。因此推测胚体内一定水平的牛磺酸与神经生长因子含量具有相关性,而小脑皮质神经生长因子含量的减少可能是仔鼠脑损伤的原因之一,故设计此实验。目的:探索被动吸烟对仔鼠所致脑损害机制及牛磺酸的干预作用。设计:随机对照动物实验。单位:山西医科大学汾阳学院。材料:实验于2001-03/2001-12在山西医科大学汾阳学院中心实验室进行。选Wistar雌性大鼠21只,体质量150～210g,采用编号随机分组方法分为3组,每组7只:被动吸烟组,被动吸烟+牛磺酸组,正常对照组。3组大鼠均于受孕的第2天起进行处理至自然分娩。被动吸烟组给予连续实验性吸烟,每日吸烟前用生理盐水0.65mL/只灌胃;被动吸烟+牛磺酸组于每日吸烟前用牛磺酸500mg/kg灌胃;正常对照组不予吸烟,每日用生理盐水0.65mL/只灌胃。方法:各组孕鼠分娩的仔鼠称量体质量后断头法处死,分离出脑并称重,在沸生理盐水中煮5min。再分离出小脑,用免疫放射测定法测神经生长因子含量。以小脑皮质神经生长因子蛋白变化为指标观察被动吸烟及牛磺酸对其的影响。主要观察指标:各组仔鼠体质量、脑质量和小脑神经生长因子蛋白的比较。结果:21只孕鼠的147只仔鼠检测数据进入结果分析。被动吸烟组仔鼠的体质量、脑质量和小脑神经生长因子蛋白水平分别与正常对照组和被动吸烟+牛磺酸组比较均显著降低(P<0.001);被动吸烟+牛磺酸组仔鼠的3项指标与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:被动吸烟可能是导致仔鼠小脑皮质神经生长因子水平下降的因素;牛磺酸可能对被动吸烟所致仔鼠脑损害具有保护作用。 Background: The effects of passive smoking on the development of embryonic nervous system are relatively rare, and there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. Our past experiments show that passive smoking can cause hippocampus tissue of neonatal rats with reduced levels of nerve growth factor, decreased learning ability. Cerebellar cortex is also one of the sites with high levels of nerve growth factor in embryonic stage. Passive smoking may also reduce the content of nerve growth factor in cerebellar cortex. Taurine is abundant in the brain of mammals. Neurons and glial cells may selectively store and release taurine in order to maintain the normal brain activity. Taurine synthesis and uptake may be blocked Its function is abnormal. Therefore, it is speculated that a certain level of embryonic body taurine and nerve growth factor content is related to the decrease of cerebellar cortical nerve growth factor content may be one of the reasons brain damage in offspring, so the design of this experiment. Objective: To explore the mechanism of passive smoking on brain damage induced by offspring and the effect of taurine intervention. Design: Randomized controlled animal experiments. Unit: Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University. MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University from March 2001 to December 2001. Twenty-one Wistar female rats weighing 150-210 g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 7 rats in each group: passive smoking group, passive smoking + taurine group and normal control group. Three groups of rats were treated from the second day of conception to natural childbirth. Passive smoking group were given continuous experimental smoking, before daily smoking with saline 0.65mL / only gavage; passive smoking + taurine group before daily smoking with taurine 500mg / kg gavage; normal control group Smoking, 0.65mL daily saline / gavage only. Methods: The pregnant mice of each group were sacrificed and the brains were weighed and then sacrificed by decapitation. The brains were isolated and weighed and then boiled in boiling saline for 5 minutes. The cerebellum was isolated again and the content of nerve growth factor was measured by radioimmunoassay. Changes of neuronal growth factor protein in cerebellar cortex as an index to observe the impact of passive smoking and taurine on it. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of body weight, brain mass and cerebellar nerve growth factor protein in each group. Results: The detection data of 147 offspring of 21 pregnant rats entered the result analysis. Compared with normal control group and passive smoking + taurine group, body weight, brain mass and cerebellar nerve growth factor protein level in passive smoking group were significantly decreased (P <0.001); passive smoking + taurine group There was no significant difference between the three indexes (P> 0.05) and normal control group. CONCLUSION: Passive smoking may be the factor leading to the decline of the level of nerve growth factor in the cerebellar cortex of the offspring. Taurine may have a protective effect on brain damage induced by passive smoking in the offspring.