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促使中美关系逐步正常化的最重要因素与苏联对中国国家安全的压力和美国国内外的政治压力。60年代末期面对苏联威胁中国领导人争取同美国进行高层接触,同时美国基于国际战略的考虑也需要和中国进行和解。由于中美在20年中一直呈现的对抗状态,因此,在真正实现关系正常化的过程中经历了许多曲折。双方已经考虑到由于战略原因而必须实现中美关系的缓和,那么也必须根据这种需要采取一定的行为措施。在这一过程中,两国都在各自的原则范围内进行了一定程度的协调,以达到互容。本文主要将目光投置于1969年到1972年中美在相互试探过程中,双方在改善两国关系中所作的一些努力。
The most important factor for the gradual normalization of Sino-U.S. Relations is the Soviet Union’s pressure on China’s national security and the political pressures in the United States and abroad. In the late 1960s, in the face of the Soviet Union’s threat to China’s leaders in seeking high-level contacts with the United States, the United States also needs to reconcile with China based on considerations of international strategy. Because of the confrontation that China and the United States have been showing for 20 years, many twists and turns have come through in the course of truly normalizing their relations. Both parties have taken into consideration the need to ease the Sino-U.S. Relations for strategic reasons and must also take certain measures according to such needs. In this process, both countries have conducted some degree of coordination within the respective principles so as to achieve mutual accommodation. This article mainly focuses on some efforts made by both sides in improving Sino-U.S. Relations between China and the United States from 1969 to 1972.