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目的了解蚌埠市大中学生抑郁心理症状的流行特征及其相关因素,为进行预防干预研究提供依据。方法对采用分层整群抽样的方法选取蚌埠市2所大学和7所中学共7315名大中学生。采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)及相应的评价标准,其抑郁情绪进行评定,分析影响抑郁情绪的相关因素。结果学生抑郁症状的发生率为39.9%,男生高于女生,农村学生高于城市学生,初中生高于高中生(P值均<0.05)。多因素分析提示,农村、低年级、父母身体状况欠佳、父母期望值低及自评体型偏胖者更倾向于报告有抑郁情绪,独生子女,父母在外打工,性格外向、脾气温和者抑郁发生的危险性较低。结论蚌埠市大中学生抑郁现状较为严重。应加强青少年的心理健康教育,大力开展心理咨询活动,通过家庭、学校、社会3个环节相互配合,提高青少年的心理健康水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of depression psychological symptoms among middle school and college students in Bengbu, and to provide the basis for preventive intervention research. Methods A total of 7,315 middle and high school students from 2 universities and 7 secondary schools in Bengbu City were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Depression self-rating scale (SDS) and corresponding evaluation criteria were used to evaluate the depression-related factors. Results The incidence of depressive symptoms was 39.9% in students, boys were higher than girls, rural students were higher than urban students, and junior high students were higher than high school students (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested that rural areas, lower grades, poor health status of parents, low expectations of parents and self-reported body size were more likely to report depression, only child, parents working outside, outgoing personality, mild temper depression Low risk. Conclusion The prevalence of depression in secondary and secondary school students in Bengbu City is more serious. Psychological health education should be strengthened for adolescents and psycho counseling activities should be vigorously carried out to improve the mental health of adolescents through the three links of family, school and society.