根据欧洲透析移植登记处1987年统计,全世界约有一万个肾病终末期患者依靠透析或移植生存已超过10年,其中45％患者带着功能肾存活,生活质量很高,70～80％患者能正常工作。手术后心血管疾患仍是死亡之主要原因(占48％),因而在透析开始后肾病医生即应努力改善患者心血管功能。引起死亡的其它原因为感染(占15％)及肿瘤(4.5％),肿瘤发病率于第一年最高,随着激素量降低而减少。移植后早期出现的问题已可控制,需解决的是处理后期的问题。一般移植中心生存10年以上之患者,每年约有3％的肾脏丧失,其中死亡及排斥失肾各占一半。目前多数急性排斥常能挽 According to the 1987 European Dialysis Transplant Registry, about 10 000 patients with end-stage renal disease worldwide have been on dialysis or transplant for more than 10 years, 45% of whom have functional kidney survival, high quality of life, 70-80% The patient can work normally. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death (48%) after surgery, so nephropathologists should strive to improve their cardiovascular function after dialysis has started. Other causes of death were infections (15%) and tumors (4.5%), with the highest incidence of cancer in the first year and a decrease in the amount of the hormone. Early problems after the transplant have been controlled, the problem to be solved is to deal with later. About 10% of the patients in the general transplantation center who survive more than 10 years lose their kidneys each year, accounting for 50% of deaths and exclusions. At present, most acute rejection can often pull