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在西方社会,外分泌性胰腺癌是癌肿致死的第五位原因,特别在老年人中。近50年来其发病率已是原来的3倍。本文旨在介绍正常胰腺生长的调节和外分泌胰腺恶变的有关机制,以探索胰腺癌治疗的新途径。正常胰腺的生长在胎儿期,腺细胞分化前就有细胞复制,然而妊娠后期已完全分化的腺泡和导管细胞仍有较高的有丝分裂率,至出生一个月降至0.1～0.2％。随年龄增长,正常胰腺逐渐丧失对激素的营养反应。成熟的胰腺在饮食、手术和激素相互影响下可产生增生性生长反应。饮食大鼠饥饿6天后,其胰腺DNA总含量可明显下降,给予五肽胃泌素可防止此变化发生,饥饿过程中伴有相应的肠粘膜胆囊收缩素(CCK)
In western societies, exocrine pancreatic cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths, especially in the elderly. In the past 50 years, the incidence rate has tripled. This article aims to introduce the regulation of normal pancreas growth and the mechanisms involved in exocrine pancreatic malignancy to explore new avenues for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The growth of normal pancreas is in the fetal period. The cells replicate before the differentiation of glandular cells. However, the acinar and ductal cells that have been fully differentiated during the later period of pregnancy still have a high mitotic rate and fall to 0.1 to 0.2% within one month of birth. With age, normal pancreas gradually loses its nutritive response to hormones. Mature pancreas can produce proliferative growth response under the influence of diet, surgery and hormones. After dietary rats became hungry for 6 days, the total pancreas DNA content decreased significantly. Administration of pentagastrin prevented the occurrence of this change, and the corresponding intestinal mucosal cholecystokinin (CCK) was associated with starvation.