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据调查,我国11个香菇主产省市计有不同名称的香菇栽培菌株53个,各地均有自己的主要栽培菌株。但Cr系列、申香系列和L系列菌株使用较普遍,多数菌株没有通过科技成果鉴定或省级品种审查认定,一些通过科技成果鉴定的品种在生产中应用不广泛或已退出菌种市场。加强对我国香菇栽培种质资源的管理,首先要对现有主要栽培菌株进行清理,构建主要栽培品种种质资源信息库,同时加快《食用菌DUS测试指南——总则》的编制研究工作。在此基础上编制《食用菌DUS测试指南——香菇》,使新品种能与现有栽培品种进行科学比较,使新品种认定工作走上正轨。DNA指纹图谱在包括食用菌在内的微生物鉴别中具有重要地位,其基础研究需要进一步深化,以使其在香菇等食用菌品种认定中发挥独特的作用。
According to the survey, there are 53 mushroom cultivation strains with different names in 11 major mushroom producing provinces and cities in China, each with their own major cultivation strains. However, Cr series, Shenxiang series and L series strains were used more commonly. Most strains did not pass scientific and technological achievements appraisal or provincial-level variety censorship and found that some varieties identified through scientific and technological achievements have not been widely used in production or have been withdrawn from the bacterial species market. To strengthen the management of mushroom cultivation germplasm resources in our country, we must first clean up the existing major cultivation strains and construct the database of germplasm resources of major cultivars, and at the same time accelerate the compilation and research work of “Guidelines for the Examination of Edible Fungus DUS - General Principles”. On this basis, the preparation of “mushroom test guide DUS - mushrooms,” so that new varieties can be compared with existing cultivars scientifically, so that new varieties of certified work on the right track. DNA fingerprinting has an important position in the identification of microorganisms including edible fungi. Its basic research needs to be further deepened in order to make it play a unique role in the identification of mushrooms and other edible fungi.