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中国大陆有18000km的海岸线,有基岩海岸、砂砾质海岸、淤泥质海岸、红树林海岸和珊瑚礁等多种类型.海岸带面积广阔,具有丰富的石油、滨海砂矿和生物资源,据初步估计,滩涂面积约2万km~2.我国沿海地区人口稠密、城市集中、经济发达、科技力量雄厚.开发利用海岸带资源是发展我国海洋事业的重要组成部分.为了全面齐发利用我国海岸带资源,早于1960年至1966年,国家即有计划地组织过全国海岸带的调查和研究.第二次开展的全国海岸带和海涂资源综合调查,始于1980年,至1986年完成.调查范围为:北起鸭绿江口,南至北仑河河口,包括辽宁、河北、天津、山东、江苏、上海、浙江、福建、广东和广西十个沿海省市的海岸带.调查区以海岸线为准,一般向内陆延伸10km,向海延伸至10—15m的等深线.调查内容为地质、地貌、底质、土壤、生物、水文、气象、化学等方面.
There are 18,000km of coastline in mainland China, including bedrock coast, gravel coast, muddy coast, mangroves coast and coral reefs, etc. The coastal area is vast with abundant oil, coastal sand and biological resources. According to preliminary estimates , Beach area of about 20,000 km ~ 2. China’s coastal areas are densely populated, urban concentrated, economically developed, strong scientific and technological strength.Development and utilization of coastal zone resources is an important part of the development of China’s marine industry.In order to comprehensively use our coastal resources , As early as 1960-1966, the state organized the investigation and study of the national coastal zone in a planned way.The second comprehensive survey of the national coastal zone and tideland resources started in 1980 and was completed in 1986. The scope of the survey As follows: From the Yalu River estuary in the north to the mouth of the Beilun River in the south, including the coastal zones of Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi in the coastal provinces and cities. It extends inland to 10km and extends to the isthmus of 10-15m to the sea.The survey contents include geology, geomorphology, sediment quality, soil, biology, hydrology, weather and chemistry.