北京市 1 994～ 2 0 0 1年对外来儿童开展了 7次口服脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )疫苗 (OPV)强化免疫活动 ,历年强化免疫两轮调查接种率均 >97%。常规计划免疫管理中外来儿童建卡人数由 1 996年的 4 7万人上升到 2 0 0 1年的 7 1万人 ,环比增长率为 4 0 8%～ 33 1 1 %。据 1 996/ 1 997～ 2 0 0 0 / 2 0 0 1年度调查 :第 1轮强化免疫前外来儿童平均迁入率为 2 2 77% ,第 2轮为 8 56 %。第 1轮明显高于第 2轮 ,且具有较低的建卡率和较高的零剂次免疫儿童比例 ;不同年龄组零剂次免疫儿童所占比例各年份间无明显变化。外来儿童地区分布不断发生变化 ,城区接种人数增长减缓 ,近郊区、远郊县接种人数呈上升趋势。结果表明 :北京市外来儿童强化免疫活动免疫覆盖率高 ,质量可靠 ;外来儿童正逐步纳入计划免疫管理 ,但摸底调查不彻底 ,方法有待进一步改进 ,日常查漏补种工作存在漏洞 ,随着城市人口构成的不断变化 ,应在重点地区加大强化免疫力度 In Beijing, from January 1994 to 2001, seven oral poliovirus (polio) vaccine (OPV) immunization campaigns were conducted for foreign children. The immunization coverage rate was> 97% for two rounds of surveys conducted over the years. The number of foreign-funded children in routine immunization programs rose from 47,000 in 1996 to 71,000 in 2001, representing a growth rate of between 408 and 331.1%. According to the 1 996/1 997/2000/2001 annual survey, the average number of immigrant children before the first round of immunization was 2 277% and that of the second round was 8 56%. The first round was significantly higher than the second round, with a lower rate of card-building and a higher proportion of children with zero-dose immunization. There was no significant change in the proportion of zero-dose immunization children in different age groups over the years. Changes in the distribution of foreign children continue to change, urban population growth slowed down, the suburbs, suburbs counties showed an upward trend. The results showed that the immunization coverage rate of foreign-born children in Beijing was high and the quality was reliable. The foreign children were gradually included in the planned immunization management. However, the thorough investigation was not complete and the methods needed to be further improved. There were loopholes in routine leak detection and replanting work. The changing composition of the population should intensify the intensity of immunization in key areas