文学理论的研究涉及探讨文学的知识,要触及对文学的价值方面的判断,不过仅此并不能作为文学理论研究的全貌。文学理论要得到一种更大的、也是更为合理性的言说,就需要超越单纯的知识论和价值论的立场。本文从话语理论以及文学自身的关系和范围这样的角度,提出了在知识和价值评判之外,文学研究需要关注的方面,进一步说,也就是文学理论在研究过程中需要把握的问题。文学理论需要在面对现实对象变化而积极应变的同时,也要在自身研究的基础方面加以调整。 The study of literary theory involves the exploration of the knowledge of literature and the judgment of the value of literature, but this can not be regarded as a complete picture of the study of literary theory. To get a bigger and more rational speech, literary theory needs to transcend purely epistemological and axiological positions. From the perspectives of discourse theory and the relation and scope of literature itself, this paper puts forward some aspects that literary studies need to pay attention to besides knowledge and value judgments, and further, that is, literary theories need to be grasped in the research process. While literary theory needs to respond positively to changes in the real object, it must also be adjusted on the basis of its own research.