The liming potential of some crop residues and their biochars on an acid Ultisol was investigated using incubation experiments.Rice hulls showed greater liming potential than rice hull biochar,while soybean and pea straws had less liming potential than their biochars.Due to their higher alkalinity,biochars from legume materials increased soil pH much compared to biochars from non-legume materials.The alkalinity of biochars was a key factor affecting their liming potential,and the greater alkalinity of biochars led to greater reductions in soil acidity.The incorporation of biochars decreased soil exchangeable acidity and increased soil exchangeable base cations and base saturation,thus improving soil fertility.