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目的了解平顶山市1起甲型H3N2流感暴发疫情的特点,为防控流感提供依据。方法采用卫生部下发的流感病例个案调查表对所有病例进行流行病学调查,采用描述流行病学方法对病例的流行病学特征进行分析。采集病例咽拭子标本,采用RT-PCR方法检测流感病毒核酸。结果 2014年8月19日出现首发病例,疫情历时6d,发病18例。其中8例甲型H3N2流感病毒核酸检测阳性,罹患率21.95%。病例全部为老年人,其中男性7例、女性11例,男女性别比为0.64∶1。发病年龄集中在60~91岁,占全部病例的77.78%。结论本次发病为甲型H3N2流感病毒引起的流感暴发。人群的普遍易感与卫生条件差是此次流感暴发的主要原因,应注意环境和个人卫生,定期开展多种形式的健康教育,提倡特殊人群流感疫苗的预防接种。
Objective To understand the characteristics of an outbreak of influenza A (H3N2) in Pingdingshan and provide a basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods The epidemiological investigation of all cases was conducted by using the questionnaire of influenza cases issued by the Ministry of Health. Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the cases. Throat swab specimens were collected and the influenza virus nucleic acids were detected by RT-PCR. Results The first case occurred on August 19, 2014. The outbreak lasted 6 days and the incidence was 18 cases. 8 cases of influenza A (H3N2) influenza virus nucleic acid test positive, the attack rate of 21.95%. All cases were elderly, including 7 males and 11 females, with a sex ratio of 0.64: 1. The incidence of age concentrated in 60 to 91 years, accounting for 77.78% of all cases. Conclusion The incidence of influenza A H3N2 influenza virus outbreak. The general population susceptibility and poor sanitation conditions are the main reasons for the flu outbreak. Environmental and personal hygiene should be noted. Various forms of health education should be regularly carried out to promote the vaccination of influenza vaccines in special populations.