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木质生物质是地球上最丰富的一类生物质资源,主要由碳水化合物高分子(纤维素、半纤维素)和芳族聚合物(木质素)组成。木质纤维组分的清洁高效分离,是实现多元化、高值化生物精炼的重要基础。本文首先讨论了基于分级利用的组分分离技术与基于制备纤维素乙醇的预处理技术的不同之处;其次,梳理归纳了五种木质纤维组分优先分级分离策略:纤维素优先分离,木质素优先分离,半纤维素优先分离,木质素和半纤维素优先分离以及纤维素和半纤维素优先分离;再次,基于半纤维素优先分离策略,对国内相关的产业化应用进行了评述;最后,对木质生物质组分分离技术的当下定位和发展前景进行了总结与展望,以期对木质生物质的三大组分有较全面的价值观念和利用思路,并对木质生物质精炼技术的发展提供借鉴与参考。
Woody biomass is one of the most abundant types of biomass on the planet and consists mainly of carbohydrate polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose) and aromatic polymers (lignin). Cleaner and efficient separation of lignocellulosic components is an important foundation for diversification and high value bio-refining. This paper firstly discusses the differences between the fractionation technology based on fractional utilization and the pretreatment technique based on the preparation of cellulosic ethanol. Secondly, the priority classification and isolation strategies of five lignocellulosic components are summarized: cellulose preferentially, lignin Priority separation, preferential separation of hemicellulose, preferential separation of lignin and hemicellulose, and preferential separation of cellulose and hemicellulose. Thirdly, based on hemicellulose preferential separation strategy, the related domestic industrial applications were reviewed. Finally, The current position and development prospect of wood biomass separation technology are summarized and prospected in order to provide a more comprehensive value concept and utilization ideas for the three components of wood biomass and provide the development of wood biomass refining technology Reference and reference.