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在现行的“供水水文地质勘察规范”中要求“在评价地下水水质时,应尽量预测地下水开采后水质可能发生的变化,并提出卫生防护措施”。从目前掌握的资料来看,不少供水勘察报告的预测结果与实际开采情况出入较大,大部分是随着开采时间的推移和开采规模的扩大水质逐渐恶化。产生这种现象的因素很多,归纳起来大致有以下三个方面的原因,即水文地质条件没查清、开采方案不尽合理和人类活动直接或间接地污染地下水。这里只从水文地质条件和开采条件出发,以马滩水源地为例,来分析开采期间水质变化的原因。
In the current “Regulation of hydro-geological survey of water supply”, it is required that “when assessing the quality of groundwater, we should try to forecast possible changes in water quality after the exploitation of groundwater and put forward sanitary protection measures”. Judging from the information available at present, the forecast results of many water supply survey reports have a large discrepancy with the actual exploitation situation, and most of them are gradually deteriorating with the increase of mining time and the expansion of mining scale. There are many factors that cause this phenomenon. There are generally three reasons for the failure to find the hydrogeological conditions, the unreasonable exploitation plan and the direct and indirect pollution of groundwater by human activities. Here only starting from the hydrogeological conditions and mining conditions, the Maotian water source as an example to analyze the reasons for changes in water quality during mining.