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目的了解同德县人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B Virus,HBV)感染状况。方法以分阶段随机整群抽样的方法,随机选取全县约10%的人口为调查对象,采集静脉血标本,检测血清HBV感染标志,分析其分布特征。结果在全县的6个乡(镇)共调查1235户,4824人(男性2361人,女性2463人),均为藏族。调查人群中乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBV Surface Antigen,HBsAg)阳性887人,阳性率为18.39%;1～4岁人群HBsAg阳性率为12.29%,15～19岁人群达22.68%,以后基本保持在这个水平(χ2趋势=0.13,P>0.05);乙肝病毒e抗原(HBV e Antigen,HBeAg)阳性502人,占HBsAg阳性人数的56.60%;抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(Antibody to HBVCore Antigen,Anti-HBc)阳性2829人,阳性率58.64%;抗乙肝病毒e抗原抗体(Antibody to HBeAg,Anti-HBe)阳性1234人,占Anti-HBc阳性人数的43.62%。结论同德县是HBV高感染地区,低龄儿童HBV感染率已达较高水平,提示必须加大预防控制乙肝的力度。同德县人群HBeAg偏高可能与该地区HBV以C/D重组基因型为主有关。
Objective To understand the status of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in Tongde County. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to randomly select about 10% of the population of the county as the survey subjects, collect venous blood samples, detect serum HBV infection markers and analyze their distribution characteristics. Results A total of 1,235 households and 6,824 people (2,361 males and 2,463 females) were investigated in 6 townships (towns) in the county, all of them Tibetans. Among the surveyed population, 887 were HBsAg positive, with a positive rate of 18.39%. The HBsAg positive rate was 12.29% in the population aged 1-4 and 22.68% in the 15-19 age group (Χ2 trend = 0.13, P> 0.05). There were 502 positive persons for HBeAg, accounting for 56.60% of the total number of HBsAg positive individuals. Antibody to HBVCore Antigen (Anti-HBc ) Positive 2829 people, the positive rate of 58.64%; anti-HBe anti-HBe (Anti-HBe) positive 1234, accounting for 43.62% of the number of Anti-HBc positive. Conclusions Tongde County is a high-risk area of HBV. The HBV infection rate of young children has reached a high level, which indicates that the prevention and control of hepatitis B must be strengthened. The high level of HBeAg in Tongde County population may be related to the HBV C / D recombinant genotypes in this area.