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目的掌握中小学及幼儿园入学新生结核菌感染及患病状况,以控制结核病在学校中传播流行。方法按东西南北中5个方位各随机抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇各随机抽取1所幼儿园、1所中心小学和1所乡镇初级中学。对3岁、6岁及12岁入学新生共2 459名进行PPD试验,对PPD试验结果进行统计分析。对强阳性者进一步查痰和行胸片等检查。结果入学新生PPD试验阳性率为36.11%,强阳性率为3.33%。不同年龄组PPD试验阳性率及强阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);不同性别PPD试验阳性率及强阳性率女生大于男生(P值均<0.01);不同民族PPD试验阳性率、强阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);不同区域新生PPD试验阳性率、强阳性率县城高于乡村,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);有卡痕组PPD试验阳性率大于无卡痕组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);有无卡痕组PPD试验强阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。强阳性者结核病患病率为121.95/万,总体患病率为4.07/万。结论应加强入学新生结核病防控工作,重点加强城市新生及女生的结核病预防控制工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence and prevalence of tuberculosis in primary and secondary schools and kindergarten students to control the spread of tuberculosis in schools. Methods A total of 1 townships were randomly selected from 5 orientations in east, west, north and south. Each township randomly selected 1 kindergarten, 1 central primary school and 1 township junior high school. A total of 2 459 students aged 3, 6 and 12 were enrolled in the PPD test, and the PPD test results were statistically analyzed. Strong positive for further sputum and chest X-ray examination. Results The positive rate of freshmen PPD test was 36.11%, strong positive rate was 3.33%. PPD test in different age groups positive rate and strong positive rate, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); different sex PPD test positive rate and strong positive rate in girls than boys (P <0.01); different ethnic groups PPD test positive rate, strong positive rate, the difference was not statistically significant (P values> 0.05); different regions of newborn PPD test positive rate, strong positive rate in the county than in the county, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01 (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of the PPD test with or without card marks (P> 0.05). The prevalence of strongly positive TB was 121.95 / million, with an overall prevalence of 4.07 / million. Conclusion TB prevention and control should be strengthened for incoming freshmen, with emphasis on prevention and control of tuberculosis in urban freshmen and girls.