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目的:了解钦州市出生缺陷的发生情况及影响因素,为妇幼保健部门制定相应的预防对策提供参考。方法:选择2009～2011年期间在钦州市妇幼保健院住院分娩的7 435例围产儿,回顾性分析出生缺陷监测结果,比较不同区域和年龄出生缺陷发生情况。结果:7 435例围产儿中,出生缺陷者222例,发生率29.9‰。出生缺陷前5位依次为:巴氏水肿综合征,占40.9%;唇裂或合并腭裂缺陷,占13.1%;神经管缺陷缺陷,占11.3%;先天性心脏病,占8.6%;足内翻,占6.3%。城镇围产儿出生缺陷发生率低于农村围产儿出生缺陷发生率(P<0.05);母亲≤35岁的围产儿出生缺陷发生率明显低于母亲>35岁的围产儿出生缺陷发生率(P<0.05)。结论:加强孕产妇健康教育及保健工作,尤其应对高龄孕产妇进行重点监护,部分地区应注重地方性疾病的筛查工作,以降低出生缺陷的发生率。
Objective: To understand the occurrence and influencing factors of birth defects in Qinzhou City, and to provide references for maternal and child health departments to formulate corresponding preventive measures. Methods: A total of 7 435 cases of perinatal delivery in Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital during 2009-2011 were selected. The monitoring results of birth defects were retrospectively analyzed to compare the occurrence of birth defects in different regions and ages. Results: There were 222 birth defects in 7 435 cases of perinatal infants, the incidence rate was 29.9 ‰. The top 5 birth defects were as follows: Papillary edema syndrome, accounting for 40.9%; cleft lip or cleft palate, accounting for 13.1%; defects of neural tube defects, accounting for 11.3%; congenital heart disease, accounting for 8.6%; varus, Accounting for 6.3%. The incidence of birth defects in urban perinatal children was lower than that in rural perinatal children (P <0.05). The incidence of perinatal birth defects in mothers ≤35 years old was significantly lower than that in mothers> 35 years old (P < 0.05). Conclusion: To strengthen maternal health education and health care, especially the elderly pregnant women should be closely monitored, and some areas should pay attention to the screening of endemic diseases in order to reduce the incidence of birth defects.