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当前的酒精中毒在西方世界是一个重要问题,在发展中国家也逐渐引起了注意。滥饮酒精造成的医学后果已成为引人注目的课题,尤其是酒精性肝病(ALD)更为突出。形态学上,ALD可分为脂肪肝、酒精性肝炎和肝硬化,然而此三种类型并非互不相关,常常交叉存在。酒精性肝炎与肝硬化的发生机理尚不清楚。由于剂量效应间缺乏明显的关系,因此必须研究、比较个体易感性或防御性的遗传因素。新近的研究比较注意免疫作用的可能性。本文将简要地归纳并评述上述几个方面的资料。
The current alcoholism is an important issue in the Western world and has also drawn the attention of developing countries. The medical consequences of excessive drinking of alcohol have become an attractive topic, especially in the area of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Morphologically, ALD can be divided into fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, however, these three types are not unrelated, often cross exist. The mechanism of alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis is unclear. Due to the lack of a clear relationship between the dose effects, it is therefore necessary to study and compare individual susceptibility or defensive genetic factors. Recent studies pay more attention to the possibility of immune function. This article will briefly summarize and comment on the above aspects of the information.