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饮用“安全卫生水”是实现初级卫生保健的重要内容,笔者就盐城市“饮用安全卫生水”和介水传染病的发病情况及改水建议作如下探讨。1 水与介水传染病的关系水是人类生命的源泉,又是传播介水传染病致病因素的重要介质。目前已知通过粪便进入水中的病毒超过120种,约40种传染病可通过介水传播。以伤寒为例,全国每年都有伤寒水致暴发流行。江苏省1988年水型暴发占91.3％。1993年中国预防医学科学院环境卫生监测所在全国26个省区180个县开展了农村饮用水监测,共设监测点1776个,调查总人口8939万人。结果,饮用Ⅰ级水的人口为2200万,占调查总人口数的25％,加上饮用Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级水的人口,共5070万。还有43.3％的人口饮用的水是不安全或不合格的水。
Drinking “safe and hygienic water” is to achieve primary health care is an important part of the author on the Yancheng “safe drinking water” and the introduction of waterborne diseases and water improvement proposals for the following discussion. Water and water-borne infectious diseases Water is the source of human life, but also an important medium for spread of water-borne diseases. It is now known that more than 120 viruses enter the water through the faeces and about 40 infectious diseases can be transmitted through the water. To typhoid fever, for example, typhoid water outbreaks every year. In 1988, the water-based outbreak in Jiangsu Province accounted for 91.3%. In 1993, the Environmental Health Surveillance Institute of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine carried out rural drinking water monitoring in 180 counties in 26 provinces and autonomous regions in the country with 1,776 monitoring points and a total population of 89.39 million. As a result, the population drinking Class I water was 22 million, accounting for 25% of the total population surveyed, plus a total of 50.7 million people drinking Grade II and III water. Another 43.3% of the population is drinking water that is unsafe or unqualified.