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(一)枝干日灼的原因日光直射引起枝干组织失水灼伤死亡现象,称为枝干日灼,又称枝干日烧。苹果的枝干上有冬春日灼和夏秋日灼。冬春日灼发生在干寒地区的冬季和早春,表现在枝干的南面和西南面。由于冬春夜间气温常在0°C以下,枝干组织冻结,白天日光直射使枝干温度增加到10°C以上而融冻,冻融交替使枝干南面和西南面皮层和形成层变为褐黑色死亡。受害轻时,树皮变色横裂成斑块状;受害重时,树皮变色凹陷,干枯、开裂或脱落,甚至枝干死亡。夏秋日灼发生在南北果区的夏季和早秋,多表现在主干的南面,常与干旱和高温有关。由于夏秋白天中午前后主干南面受日光直射,树皮温度可达35°C以上,沙滩地果园甚至能到
(A) the reasons for the sunburn branch Sunlight caused by dehydration burns stems and deaths, known as the branch sunburn, also known as branch dry day. Apple branches have winter and sun burning on the sun and the sun burning. Winter and spring sunburn occurred in dry and cold winter and early spring, manifested in the south and southwest branches. As the winter and spring night temperatures are often below 0 ° C, the branches freeze, daylight direct branch temperature increased to above 10 ° C and freeze, freeze and thaw alternate branches south and southwest cortex and formation into Brown black death. When the victim is light, the bark discolors and transverses into a plaque; when the victim is heavy, the bark discolors, dries, cracks or falls off, and even the stem dies. The summer and autumn sunburn occurs in the summer and early autumn of the northern and southern fruit regions, mostly in the south of the trunk, often associated with drought and high temperatures. Since summer and autumn around noon around the trunk by direct sunlight, the bark temperature of up to 35 ° C or more, beach orchard can even go