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目的了解舟曲泥石流后迁往异地求学的高一新生的心理状况及相关影响因素,为学校心理辅导和灾后心理援助提供参考。方法采用一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PTSD-SS),对舟曲泥石流后迁往兰州求学的1 219名高一新生进行调查。结果抑郁、焦虑、PTSD症状检出阳性率分别为64.4%,49.3%,62.2%。女生抑郁、焦虑、PTSD症状检出率均高于男生(P值均<0.05);情绪障碍与PTSD症状有显著相关(P<0.01);不同受灾经历学生的PTSD症状严重程度差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论泥石流后异地求学高一新生情绪障碍及PTSD症状检出率均较高,不同性别、不同受灾经历的学生灾后心理状况不同,应给予有针对性的心理干预。
Objective To understand the psychological status of high school freshmen who moved to different places after the debris flow in Zhouqu and related factors to provide reference for psychological counseling and post-disaster psychological assistance in schools. Methods The general situation questionnaire, anxiety self-rating scale (SAS), depression self-rating scale (SDS) and post-traumatic stress disorder self-rating scale (PTSD-SS) 1 219 freshmen were investigated. Results The positive rates of depression, anxiety and PTSD were 64.4%, 49.3% and 62.2% respectively. The prevalences of depression, anxiety and PTSD in girls were higher than those in boys (P <0.05). Emotional disorders were significantly associated with PTSD (P <0.01). There was also a statistically significant difference in the severity of PTSD among students with different experiences Significance (P <0.01). Conclusions After the debris flow, the high school freshmen’s mood disorder and the high detection rate of PTSD were higher. Students with different gender and experience of different tragedies had different post-disaster psychological conditions, and targeted psychological intervention should be given.