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一、概述1.历史及市场框架为了应对潜在的全球气候变化问题,世界气象组织(WMO)和联合国环境规划署(UNEP)于1988年建立了政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)。1992年6月通过《联合国气候变化框架公约(UNFCCC)》,该公约于1994年3月生效。该公约缔约方自1995年起每年召开缔约方会议(Conferences of the Parties,COP)以评估应对气候变化的进展。1997年在第3次缔约国大会上,《京都议定书》达成,使温室气体减排成为发达国家的法律义务。公约的目的是“将大气中的温
I. Overview 1. History and Market Framework In response to potential global climate change, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted in June 1992 and entered into force in March 1994. Parties to the Convention convene the Conferences of the Parties (COPs) annually since 1995 to assess progress made in combating climate change. At the 3rd Assembly of States Parties in 1997, ”Kyoto Protocol“ was reached, making greenhouse gas emission reduction a legal obligation of developed countries. The purpose of the convention is to ”bring the warmth of the atmosphere