Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of composite Xinyi ae rosol (复方辛夷雾化剂, XYA) in treating asthma and its influence on asthma relat ed cytokines in serum and sputum of patients with mild or moderate bronchial ast hma.Methods: Sixty patients were divided randomly into the treated gr oup and the control group, 30 in each group. They were treated with XYA and Salb utamol aerosol (SA) respectively by spray inhalation once a day for seven days a s one therapeutic course to observe the antiasthmatic effect of the treatment. Changes of lung function and the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) , interleukine-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukine-8 (IL-8) in serum and sputum were observed before and after treatment using enzyme linked immunos orbent assay (ELISA). Levels of TNF-α, IL-2R andIL-8 in the sputum of part of the patients in the treatment group were also observed.Results: In the treated group, 6 patients had the asthma clinica lly controlled after treatment, 12 were markedly alleviated, 9 alleviated and 3 remained unchanged, while in the control group, the respective numbers were 4, 6 , 15 and 5. The controlled-markedly effective rate of XYA was 60.0%, which wa s significantly better than that of SA (33.3%, P <0.05). The one second forc ed expiratory volume percent (FEV1%) and peek expiratory flow rate (PEFR) improv ed significantly and the levels of TNF-α, IL-2R and IL-8 in serum decr eased noticeably in both groups after treatment ( P <0.05 or P <0.01), but the improvement in the treated group was more significant as compared with tho se in the control group ( P <0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-2R and IL -8 in sputum considerably lowered also after XYA treatment ( P <0.01).Conclusion: XYA could regulate the related cytokines in patient s with mild or moderate bronchial asthma, and reduce the releasing of inflammato ry factors, which is consistent with the improvement of lung functions, so as to ease the airway inflammation chiefly exhibited as cell infiltration in bron chi. Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of composite Xinyi ae rosol (in XYA) in treating asthma and its influence on asthma relat ed cytokines in serum and sputum of patients with mild or moderate bronchial ast hma. Methods: Sixty patients were divided randomly into the treated group oup and the control group, 30 in each group. They were treated with XYA and Salb utamol aerosol (SA) respectively by spray inhalation once a day for seven days as one therapeutic course to observe the antiasthmatic effect of the treatment. Changes in lung function and the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukine-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukine-8 Levels of TNF-α, IL-2R and IL-8 in the sputum of part of the patients in the treatment group were also observed. Results: In the treated group, 6 patients had the asthma clinica lly controlled afte r control, 12 were markedly alleviated, 9 alleviated and 3 remained unchanged, while in the control group, the respective numbers were 4, 6, 15 and 5. The controlled-markedly effective rate of XYA was 60.0%, which wa s significantly better than that of SA (33.3%, P <0.05). The one second for c ed expiratory volume percent (FEV1%) and peek expiratory flow rate (PEFR) improv ed significantly and the levels of TNF-a, IL-2R and IL- 8 in serum decr eased noticeably in both groups after treatment (P <0.05 or P <0.01), but the improvement in the treated group was more significant as compared with tho se in the control group (P <0.05). The levels of TNF -α, IL-2R and IL-8 in sputum more also after XYA treatment (P <0.01) .Conclusion: XYA could regulate the related cytokines in patient s with mild or moderate bronchial asthma, and reduce the releasing of inflammatoyr factors , which is consistent with the improvement of lung functions, so as to ease the airway inflammation chiefly exhibited as cell infiltration in bron chi.