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2010年6—10月,对祁连山中段托勒南山金露梅、高山柳、沙棘和鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛树干茎流进行试验观测,研究了高山灌丛树干茎流特征,以及降雨和冠层结构对灌丛树干茎流的影响.结果表明:灌丛产生树干茎流需要2.1mm的前期降雨量;金露梅、高山柳、沙棘和鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛树干茎流率分别为3.4%、3.2%、8.0%和4.2%,树干茎流量与降雨量之间成显著正线性相关;随着雨量级的增加,树干茎流率呈增加-减少-增加的趋势;4种灌丛茎干集流率分别为59、30、110和49,树干茎流对根际区水分补给作用明显;灌丛树干茎流率与最大10min雨强(I10)呈指数关系,当I10>6.0mm·h-1时,高山柳和沙棘树干茎流率继续增大,而金露梅和高山柳树干茎流率趋于稳定;冠层结构对树干茎流的影响较复杂,相同降雨条件下,株高和投影面积是祁连山高山灌丛树干茎流的主要影响因子.
From June to October in 2010, the stem flow of Caragana microphylla, Alpine willow, Seabuckthorn and Caragana korshinskii shrubs in the middle of the Qilian Mountains were observed and observed. The stem flow characteristics of the shrubs in the Alpine shrubs were also studied, and the relationships between rainfall and canopy structure The results showed that 2.1-mm pre-rainfall was needed for stem-flow of shrubs in shrubs, and stem flow rates of Jinluomei, Alpine willows, seabuckthorn and Caragana microphylla shrub were 3.4% and 3.2%, respectively. 8.0% and 4.2%, respectively. There was a significant positive linear correlation between stem flow and rainfall. With the increase of rainfall intensity, the stem flow rate increased, decreased and then increased. The stem flow rates of four shrubs were respectively (59,30,110 and 49), the effect of stem-stem flow on rhizosphere water supply was significant. The stem-flow rate of shrub trunk was exponential with the maximum rainfall intensity of 10 minutes (I10). When I10> 6.0mm · h-1, The stem flow rate of alpine willow and sea buckthorn continued to increase, while the stem flow rate of Jinluomei and alpine willow tended to be stable. The effect of canopy structure on the stem flow was complex. Under the same rainfall conditions, the plant height and projected area were Qilian Mountains The main influential factors of stem flow in shrubs.