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目的:了解2008-2015年H1受体阻断剂的不良反应的发生情况,促进临床合理安全用药。方法:回顾性分析2008—2015年上报的45例H1受体阻断剂的不良反应,从患者的一般情况、药品种类、不良反应类型等方面进行统计分析。结果:45例H1受体阻断剂的不良反应中,女性多于男性,以31~40岁患者居多,大多数患者ADR史不详,发生ADR例数较多的药物有地氯雷他定、左西替利嗪及咪唑斯汀,主要累及神经系统、皮肤及其附件和消化系统等。结论:嗜睡、头晕、心悸、过敏等是新型H1受体阻断剂主要不良反应,对这类药仍需加强患者用药指导与监测。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the incidence of adverse reactions of H1 receptor blockers from 2008 to 2015 and to promote rational and safe clinical use. Methods: The adverse reactions of 45 H1 receptor blockers reported in 2008-2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The general situation, types of drugs and types of adverse reactions were analyzed statistically. Results: Adverse reactions of 45 H1 receptor blockers were more in women than in men, with the majority of patients aged 31 to 40 years. Most patients had an unknown history of ADR. Drugs with more ADRs included desloratadine, Levocetirizine and mizolastine, mainly involving the nervous system, skin and its annexes and digestive system. Conclusion: Drowsiness, dizziness, palpitations and allergy are the main side effects of the new H1 receptor blockers. Guidance and monitoring of these drugs need to be strengthened for these drugs.