为了解乌鲁木齐市居民的碘营养状况，在１９９４年对３１７例新生儿脐带血促甲状腺激素（ＴＳＨ）水平和部分居民甲状腺肿大率、７～１４岁学龄儿童甲状腺肿患病率、尿碘及食用盐腆的情况进行了调查。调查结果：乌鲁木齐市有３６．３％的新生儿脐血ＴＳＨ水平升高（＞５μＩＵ／ｍｌ），居民的甲状腺肿患病率为２．１４％，７～１４岁学生的甲状腺肿大率为１９．９５％，尿碘范围为７８．１９～２８６．０μｇ／Ｌ，食用盐碘含量＜２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ者占２８．７５％。乌鲁木齐市居民仍有轻度缺碘存在。新生儿脐血ＴＳＨ筛查是监测碘营养水平的理想方法。 In order to understand the iodine nutrition status of residents in Urumqi, the prevalence of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid goiter of 317 newborns, the prevalence of goiter, urinary iodine and urinary iodine in school-aged children aged 7-14 years Edible salt 腆 situation was investigated. Survey results: 36.3% of newborns in Urumqi elevated umbilical blood TSH levels (> 5μIU / ml), the prevalence of goitre was 2.14%, 7 to 14-year-old students with goiter rate 19.95%, urine iodine range 78.19 ~ 286.0μg / L, edible salt iodine content <20mg / kg accounted for 28.75%. Urumqi residents still have a mild iodine deficiency exists. Neonatal umbilical cord blood TSH screening is an ideal method of monitoring iodine nutrition.