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对膀胱输尿管返流患儿应用扫描电镜观察尿脱落细胞成分和形态变化。结果表明：重度返流组有８８．２％患儿尿中可见多数肾小管上皮细胞，伴肾瘢痕、肾功能异常；泌尿道畸形者可见尿中上皮细胞破裂、坏死脱落与红细胞多数严重变形。轻度返流组则未见上泌尿道脱落细胞。无返流组与对照组的尿细胞成分极少。提示膀胱输尿管返流患儿尿细胞成分变化可反映返流的严重程度与肾内返流的存在，肾实质损伤导致返流性肾病的形成。
The urinary excretion cells were observed by scanning electron microscopy in patients with vesicoureteral reflux. The results showed that most of the renal tubular epithelial cells were seen in the urine of 88.2% patients with severe regurgitation, with renal scarring and renal dysfunction. The urinary epithelial cells were found to be ruptured, necrotic and most of the severe degeneration of erythrocytes. Mild reflux group was not seen on the exfoliative cells. No reflux group and control group of urinary cell composition is minimal. Tip urinary vesicoureteral reflux in children with changes in the composition of the urine can reflect the severity of reflux and the presence of renal reflux, renal parenchymal damage led to the formation of reflux nephropathy.