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土的粒径分布是影响土工程特性的重要因素,激光粒度法是目前常用的颗粒分析方法.文中通过采用激光粒度仪对天然土及粘土矿物开展未分散、化学分散、超声分散等分散方法下的粒径分析试验,试验结果表明:在采用激光粒度仪进行颗粒分析时,对于液限高于40%以上的土样,必须首先进行化学分散或超声分散,而对于液限低于40%的土样,是否对颗粒进行分散对试验结果影响较小.无论是液限大于40%的土样,还是液限小于40%的土样,采用化学分散或超声分散效果均较好,两者之间的差异可以忽略.不同分散方法获得的粒径分布曲线之间的差异与矿物成分及粒径级配相关,在粘土矿物方面,蒙脱土受分散方法的影响较大,高岭土则不受影响.在颗粒粒径方面,小于0.02 mm颗粒受分散方法影响较大.
The particle size distribution of soil is an important factor that affects the geotechnical engineering.Laser particle size method is the commonly used method of particle analysis.Through the use of laser particle sizer for natural soil and clay minerals to carry out the undispersed, chemical dispersion, ultrasonic dispersion and other dispersion methods The results show that for particle analysis with laser particle size analyzer, chemical dispersion or ultrasonic dispersion must first be performed for soil samples with liquid limit higher than 40%, while for liquid samples with liquid limit lower than 40% Soil samples, whether the dispersion of the particles have little effect on the test results.Whether the liquid limit is greater than 40% soil samples, or the liquid limit of less than 40% soil samples, the use of chemical dispersion or ultrasonic dispersion are better, both The differences between the particle size distribution curves obtained by the different dispersion methods are related to the mineral composition and the particle size distribution. In the clay minerals, the montmorillonite is greatly affected by the dispersion method while the kaolin is unaffected In terms of particle size, particles smaller than 0.02 mm are strongly influenced by the dispersion method.