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通过正常供磷的大田试验(2011年),以产量和磷籽粒生产效率为指标,将27份中熟水稻亲本材料划分为4个类型,再通过正常和低磷处理的土培试验(2012年),筛选出高产磷高效水稻材料,并探讨各种磷效率对产量的贡献率.结果表明:结合两年的试验结果,供试材料的产量和磷利用效率均存在显著的基因型差异,筛选出GR泸17/矮TTP//泸17_2(QR20)为高产磷高效材料.在两个供磷水平下,QR20的产量和磷利用效率均显著高于低产磷低效材料玉香B,其产量分别是玉香B的1.96和1.92倍.大田和土培试验结果均表明,磷积累量对产量的贡献率均高于磷籽粒生产效率和磷收获指数.正常供磷条件下,磷积累量和磷籽粒生产效率对产量的贡献率差异不大,低磷条件下差异较大(66.5%和26.6%),磷收获指数对产量的贡献率最低,最高仅为11.8%(土培).土培试验中,正常供磷条件下,拔节-抽穗阶段的磷积累量对产量和磷收获指数的贡献率最高,分别为93.4%和85.7%,对磷籽粒生产效率的贡献率为41.8%;在低磷条件下,分蘖-拔节阶段的磷积累量对产量和磷籽粒生产效率的贡献率最高,分别为56.9%和20.1%,对磷收获指数的贡献率为16.0%.土培正常供磷条件下,水稻QR20的产量、磷积累量和磷收获指数相对于低磷处理分别增加了20.6%、18.1%和18.2%,差异显著.综上,磷效率对水稻产量的贡献率大小依次为磷吸收效率>利用效率>转运效率;正常供磷条件下,拔节-抽穗阶段的磷积累量对产量的贡献率最高,低磷胁迫下,分蘖-拔节阶段的磷积累量对产量的贡献率最高,这两个阶段可能是水稻高产磷高效协调统一的关键时期.
Through field experiments with normal phosphorus supply (2011), 27 middle-maturity rice parent materials were divided into 4 types based on the yield and phosphorus grain production efficiency, and then passed through normal and low-phosphorus soil culture tests (2012 ) Were selected to screen high-yield and high-efficiency P-efficient rice materials and to explore the contribution rate of various phosphorus efficiencies to yield.The results showed that there was a significant genotypic difference between yield and PUE using the two-year test results, The yield and phosphorus use efficiency of QR20 were significantly higher than those of low-yield phosphorus inefficient material Yuxiang B at two levels of phosphorus supply, and the output of GR17 / short TTP // Lu17_2 (QR20) Respectively, 1.96 and 1.92 times that of Yuxiang B. The results of field and soil culture showed that the contribution of phosphorus accumulation to yield was higher than that of phosphorus grain yield and phosphorus harvest index. Under normal phosphorus supply, There was no significant difference in the contribution rate of phosphorus grain yield to the yield, but the difference was significant under low phosphorus conditions (66.5% and 26.6%), while the phosphorus harvest index had the lowest contribution to the yield, the highest was only 11.8% (soil culture) In the experiment, under the condition of normal phosphorus supply, the accumulation of phosphorus in the jointing-heading stage was related to the yield And phosphorus harvest index were the highest, accounting for 93.4% and 85.7%, respectively, and contributing 41.8% to the phosphorus production efficiency. Under low phosphorus conditions, the accumulation of phosphorus in the tillering-jointing stage had no significant effect on the yield and PUE production efficiency Were the highest, accounting for 56.9% and 20.1%, respectively, and the contribution rate to the phosphorus harvest index was 16.0%. Under normal P supplying conditions, the yield and phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus harvest index of rice were higher than that of low-phosphorus treatment Increased by 20.6%, 18.1% and 18.2% respectively, and the difference was significant.In conclusion, the contribution rate of phosphorus efficiency to rice yield was in the order of phosphorus absorption efficiency> utilization efficiency> transport efficiency; under normal phosphorus supply, Under the condition of low-phosphorus stress, the accumulation of phosphorus in the tillering-jointing stage had the highest contribution to the yield, and these two stages may be the key period for the coordination and coordination of high-yielding phosphorus in rice.