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目的:分析贵州益母草花、叶和茎的挥发性成分。方法:采用固相微萃取-气质联用仪和傅立叶变换红外光谱仪分别分析和比较了贵州益母草花、叶和茎的挥发性成分。结果:贵州益母草花、叶和茎三者中鉴定得的挥发性成分依次为43,27,29个,涵盖了萜、醇、醚等8类物质,反式石竹烯是三者最主要的成分;三者共有挥发性成分16个,其中相对峰面积均>3%的5个:反式石竹烯,植酮,β-荜澄茄烯,α-葎草烯和石竹烯氧化物;非共有且相对峰面积>3%的3个:α-蒎烯(叶中3.42%,茎中4.62%),柠檬烯(茎中17.80%),α-可巴烯(叶中3.09%)。三者挥发性成分的主要差异在于成分个数不同,次要挥发性成分差异明显,>3%的共有成分间的相对峰面积差异大:花中反式石竹烯相对峰面积最为显著,单组分即达到38.59%,远远高于叶和茎的相对峰面积,α-葎草烯差不多是叶和茎的2倍,而叶中的β-荜澄茄烯和石竹烯氧化物则差不多是花和茎的2倍;此外,>3%的成分新植二烯(叶中9.91%,茎中则未检测到),2,7,7-三甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-2-烯-6-基醇乙酸酯(叶中5.42%,茎中3.88%,花中未检测到),β-月桂烯(茎中3.78%,花和叶中未检测到)也是三者的主要差异。结论:贵州益母草含挥发性成分萜类最高,且花中反式石竹烯的相对峰面积居首位。
Objective: To analyze the volatile components of flowers, leaves and stems of Motherwort in Guizhou Province. Methods: The volatile components of flowers, leaves and stems of Leonurus were analyzed and compared by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Results: The volatile components identified from flower, leaf and stem of Guizhou Motherwort were 43, 47, 29, covering 8 kinds of substances such as terpene, alcohol and ether. Trans-caryophyllene was the most important component of the three ; The three shared a total of 16 volatile components, of which the relative peak area were> 3% of the 5: trans-caryophyllene, phytones, β-荜Cegonene, α-camphene and caryophyllene oxide; Α-pinene (3.42% in leaves, 4.62% in stems), limonene (17.80% in stems) and α-copchene (3.09% in leaves). The main difference between the three volatile components is the composition of the number of different secondary volatile components were significantly different,> 3% of the total components of the relative peak area difference: flower caryophyllene relative peak area of the most significant single group Reached 38.59%, which is much higher than the relative peak area of leaves and stems, a-hoesenylate is almost twice as much as leaves and stems, while the β-strychnine and caryophyllene oxides in leaves are almost the same Flowers and stems; in addition,> 3% of the ingredients neophytadiene (9.91% in leaves, not detected in stems), 2,7,7-trimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] 2-en-6-yl alcohol acetate (5.42% in leaves, 3.88% in stems, undetected in flowers), β-myrcene (3.78% in stems, undetected in flowers and leaves) The main difference. CONCLUSION: The content of volatile components in motherwort of Guizhou is the highest, and the relative peak area of trans-caryophyllene in flowers is the highest.