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目的了解德国小蠊的温度和光周期反应模式,研究温度和光周期对德国小蠊生长发育、繁殖及生活史节律影响,为制定有效的控制策略提供理论依据。方法实验在通用环境实验箱中进行。在光周期为LD12 h∶12 h(光照强度为4000 lx)时,分别设置16、18、22、26和30℃5个梯度;在温度26℃时,分别设置光周期LD16 h∶8 h、LD12 h∶12 h、LD8 h∶16 h和LD0∶24 h。结果当光周期恒定(LD12 h∶12 h)时,若虫期发育速率30℃>26℃>22℃>18℃>16℃,若虫羽化率随温度降低而下降;当温度恒定(26℃)时,若虫期发育速率LD16 h∶8 h>LD12 h∶12 h>LD8 h∶16 h>LD0∶24 h,若虫羽化率随光照时间的减少而下降。结论德国小蠊的光周期反应模式属长日照类型;若虫期在德国小蠊的生活史中具有重要地位。温度与光周期对德国小蠊的交互作用结果是通过诱导滞育的发生,影响其发育历期、羽化和繁殖,从而影响生活史的节律性。
OBJECTIVE To understand the temperature and photoperiodic response of Blattella germanica and to study the effects of temperature and photoperiod on the growth, reproduction and rhythm of life of Blattella germanica, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of an effective control strategy. Methods Experiments were performed in a universal environmental chamber. Five gradients of 16, 18, 22, 26 and 30 ℃ were set at the photoperiod of LD12 h: 12 h (light intensity of 4000 lx) respectively. At the temperature of 26 ℃, the photoperiod LD16 h: 8 h, LD12 h: 12 h, LD8 h: 16 h and LD: 24 h. Results When the photoperiod was constant (LD12 h: 12 h), the nymphal development rate of nymphs was 30 ℃> 26 ℃> 22 ℃> 18 ℃> 16 ℃. The nymphs’ emergence rate decreased with the decrease of temperature. , Nymphae development rate of LD16 h: 8h> LD12h:12h> LD8h:16h> LD0:24h, Nymph emergence rate decreased with the decrease of light time. Conclusion The photoperiodic response of Blattella germanica belongs to the long sunshine pattern. The nymphal stage plays an important role in the life history of Blattella germanica. The interaction between temperature and photoperiod on Blattella germanica results in the rhythm of life history by inducing the occurrence of diapause, affecting its developmental period, emergence and reproduction.