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设计一套能对焊件在水平和垂直方向进行频率15 k Hz、最大输出功率2 k W激振的TIG焊装置。在此基础上,对厚度3 mm和1 mm的AZ31镁板在不同激振方向、激振振幅以及剖口形式下进行焊接,对比分析不同条件下焊接接头的组织与性能。发现激振使得AZ31 TIG焊缝熔合区的组织显著细化,第二相β-Mg17Al12的析出减少;另外,焊缝区域显微硬度及试样的整体抗拉强度和伸长率提高;振动对厚板焊缝的影响更大,且垂直方向激振的影响更明显。振动对AZ31 TIG焊接接头组织与性能的影响,取决于焊接熔池金属凝固行为以及超声波激振能量的传递状态等因素,与激振振幅、方向以及焊接剖口角度和板厚等密切相关。
Design a TIG welding unit that can weld the weldment horizontally and vertically at a frequency of 15 k Hz and a maximum output power of 2 k W. On the basis of this, AZ31 magnesium plates with thickness of 3 mm and 1 mm were welded under different excitation directions, vibration amplitudes and section forms, and the microstructure and properties of the welded joints under different conditions were compared. The results show that the microstructure of the AZ31 TIG weld fusion zone is significantly refined and the precipitation of the second phase β-Mg17Al12 decreases. In addition, the microhardness of the weld zone and the overall tensile strength and elongation of the weld increase; The effect of the plate weld is greater, and the effect of vertical excitation is more pronounced. The influence of vibration on the microstructure and properties of AZ31 TIG welded joints depends on factors such as the metal solidification behavior and the transmission state of ultrasonic excitation energy in the weld pool, and is closely related to the amplitude and direction of excitation, the angle of weld fracture and the thickness of the plate.