妇女就业是可持续发展的一部分妇女阶段就业,是妇女回家论的派生系统之一。在历史上,“妇女回家论”一直伴随着工业化的出现而此起彼伏。即在经济强劲、市场繁荣或者战争状态下,社会因劳动力短缺而倡导妇女就业,甚至不惜给妇女戴上爱国主义的桂冠,将妇女从家庭吸引出来,抛向职业市场,弥补职业岗位的空缺;而在经济低迷、市场萎缩或者前方的将士弃甲归田时,又鼓励妇女回家相夫教子,嘴出位置以保障男子的充分就业。可见,这带有明显的性别歧视倾向。妇女阶段就业,指的是妇女婚前就业,婚后或者生育子女后回家尽妻职、母职,而于孩子渐渐长大后重返职业市场的一种就业态势,西方一些学者将其比喻为 M 型就业。这种女性就业模式曾盛行于战后西方社会,但在20世纪70年代新女权主义的发展进程中受到挑战,现在已经日益为女性的持续性就业所取代。截至20世纪90年代初,世界主要发达国家妇女就业人数在整个职业队伍中的比例 Employment of women as part of sustainable development Employment in the women’s period is one of the systems of derivation of women’s return to home. Historically, the theory of “women’s return to home” has been accompanied by the emergence of industrialization. That is, under the condition of strong economy, prosperous market or war, society advocates women’s employment due to labor shortage and even gives women the honor of patriotism. It attracts women from their families, throws them onto the job market and makes up for vacancies in occupations. In times of economic downturn, a shrinking market or the abandonment of officers and soldiers in front of them, women are encouraged to go home and teach their children to each other to ensure their full employment. This shows that there is a clear tendency toward gender discrimination. Employment in the women’s stage refers to employment situations in which women marry before marriage, return to work after marriage or childbirth, and return to the job market after their children grow up. Some Western scholars compare it to M-type employment. This model of female employment, prevalent in Western post-war societies, was challenged in the development of the new feminism of the 1970s and has now been increasingly replaced by the continuing employment of women. As of the early 1990s, the percentage of women employed in major developed countries in the entire workforce