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老龄实验动物和老年人易患感染与肿瘤,其原因与淋巴细胞的变化有关。在老龄个体,T淋巴细胞亚群发生明显变化,表现为记忆性T淋巴细胞增多,幼稚性T淋巴细胞减少,使机体对“非己”抗原识别能力下降。CD8~+CD28~+亚类细胞减少,CD8~+CD28~-类细胞增多,在后者中CD95~+细胞较少,提示老龄衰老T细胞不易凋亡。老龄个体T细胞增殖能力下降,IL-2生成能力明显下降,老年人T细胞在丝裂原刺激下IL-4、IFN-γ生成减少,IL-5、IL-10生成增多,在老龄实验动物T细胞IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IFN-γ的生成情况比较复杂,因细胞来源、刺激物的不同而不同。T淋巴细胞增殖能力的下降和细胞因子生成的变化与T淋巴细胞活化信号转导途径中某些环节的功能缺陷有关。一些改善老龄个体T淋巴细胞免疫功能的措施正在实验阶段。
Old experimental animals and the elderly susceptible to infection and cancer, the reason and changes in lymphocytes. In aging individuals, T lymphocyte subsets change significantly, showing increased memory T lymphocytes, naive T lymphocytes decreased, so that the body of non-self antigen recognition ability decreased. CD8 ~ + CD28 ~ + cells decreased, CD8 ~ + CD28 ~ - cells increased in the latter CD95 ~ + cells less, suggesting that aging aging T cells are not easy to apoptosis. The ability of aging individuals to degrade T cell proliferation and IL-2 production ability was significantly decreased. The generation of IL-4 and IFN-γ in elderly T cells was reduced and the production of IL-5 and IL-10 was increased in aged T cells stimulated by mitogen. T cell IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFN-γ production is more complicated, due to cell sources, stimuli and different. Decreased T-lymphocyte proliferation and changes in cytokine production are associated with functional deficits in certain aspects of T-lymphocyte activation signaling pathways. Some measures to improve the immune function of aging individuals T lymphocytes are experimental stage.