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一、前言静电粉末喷涂是五十年代后期、六十年代初期发展起来的新工艺,在美国首先得到应用.它具有无溶剂损耗和污染;粉末可以回收,涂料损失少;涂膜较厚(一次喷涂,膜厚在50~200微米以上)而均匀,在尖锐边缘和粗糙物体表面能形成光滑连续的涂膜,可省去涂覆底漆或刮腻子等多道工序,便于大面积施工和实现流水线自动化操作等优点.对于难以配制成溶液的树脂,可以制成粉末涂料使用(如尼龙、聚乙烯、氯化聚醚等),因而扩大了涂料的品种.与流化床涂覆相比较,粉末静电喷涂能获得较薄的涂层(低于100微米);可以进行单面施工(只喷涂一面);每次喷涂所需粉量少等优点.因此,广泛应用于汽车工业、电器绝缘、耐腐蚀性的化学泵、阀门、气缸、管道、室外钢制建筑物、装饰性器具、粗糙铸件等表面的涂装.在首届北美粉末涂料会议中指出,在欧洲,10%的金属涂装工业已从液体涂料系统转移为粉末涂料,到1975年将会增长到30%,到2000年将达50%.
I. Introduction Electrostatic powder coating is a new process developed in the late fifties and early sixties and was first applied in the United States. It has solvent-free loss and pollution; powder can be recovered and the coating has less loss; the coating is thicker (once Spray, the film thickness of 50 to 200 microns or more) and uniform, sharp edges and rough surface to form a smooth and continuous coating, eliminating the need for primer coating or putty and other multi-stage process for large-scale construction and implementation Line automation, etc. For resins that are difficult to formulate into solutions, the use of powder coatings (such as nylon, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethers, etc.) can be made, thereby expanding the variety of coatings.Compared with fluidized bed coating, Electrostatic powder coating can get thinner coating (less than 100 microns), can be single-sided construction (only spray side), each spray less powder, etc. Therefore, widely used in the automotive industry, electrical insulation, Corrosion resistant chemical pumps, valves, cylinders, pipes, outdoor steel buildings, decorative appliances, rough castings, etc. At the first North American Powder Coatings Conference it was pointed out that in Europe 10% of the metal painters Transferred from the liquid coating system for the powder coating, by 1975 will grow to 30 percent by the year 2000 it will reach 50%.