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肾损伤是蛇咬伤常见的严重并发症之一。蛇毒直接导致肾灌注压改变、肾小球病变、肾小管坏死。间接的发病机制包括溶血、纤维蛋白溶解、横纹肌溶解等。细胞因子可能与肾损伤有关。肾脏病理改变为肾小球基底膜溶解、肾小管坏死、皮质坏死。其临床表现为蛋白尿、血尿、酱油色尿,甚至肾衰竭。基本的治疗是尽早使用抗蛇毒血清。
Kidney damage is one of the most common complications of snake bites. Snake venom directly leads to changes in renal perfusion pressure, glomerular lesions, tubular necrosis. Indirect pathogenesis includes hemolysis, fibrinolysis, rhabdomyolysis and the like. Cytokines may be related to kidney damage. Renal pathological changes of glomerular basement membrane lysis, tubular necrosis, cortical necrosis. The clinical manifestations of proteinuria, hematuria, soy sauce, urine, and even renal failure. The basic treatment is to use anti-snake venom serum as early as possible.