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最近20年的研究发现:①人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的DNA序列高频率的出现在一些肿瘤组织中;②病毒癌基因(E6和E7)在肿瘤组织中有表达;③病毒癌基因在肿瘤细胞中转录被激活;④E6和E7基因的表达是子宫颈癌维持恶性表型的必要条件;⑤这些病毒肿瘤蛋白能与多种细胞功能蛋白作用;⑥流行病学调查指出HPV感染是子宫颈癌发生的主要病因,大部分的肛门、会阴及生殖器部发生的肿瘤也与HPV感染有关。此外,20%的口咽部癌组织中也有HPV的DNA序列存在,最近的研究发现:HPV感染在皮肤鳞状细胞癌的发生中可能也有作用。已有充分的证据表明:某些型别的HPV感染与一系列恶性肿瘤的发生有关。如HPV-16、HPV-18与子宫颈癌、鼻咽癌等恶性肿瘤的发生密切相关。本文综述了HPV诱导肿瘤发生的分子机制和近年来的研究进展。
The recent 20 years of research found that: ① human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA sequences appear in some tumor tissues at high frequency; ② viral oncogenes (E6 and E7) expressed in tumor tissues; ③ viral oncogenes in tumors The transcription of cells is activated; ④ E6 and E7 gene expression is a necessary condition for maintaining the malignant phenotype of cervical cancer; ⑤ these virus tumor proteins with a variety of cell function protein; ⑥ epidemiological survey pointed out that HPV infection is cervical cancer The main cause of the disease, most of the anus, perineum and genital tumor occurred also associated with HPV infection. In addition, 20% of oropharyngeal cancerous tissues also have HPV DNA sequences, and recent studies have found that HPV infection may also play a role in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. There is good evidence that certain types of HPV infection are associated with a series of malignancies. Such as HPV-16, HPV-18 and cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and other malignancies are closely related. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which HPV induces tumorigenesis and its recent progress.