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为了弥补现有高功率微波武器辐射天线的不足,提出了等离子体通道天线(PCA),研究了该天线的辐射特性。根据PCA的工作原理,将PCA等效为电子在横向旋转、轴向漂移的均匀冷磁化等离子体束,且认为该等离子体束的横截面为沿轴向不改变的圆形;推导出了一般性天线的辐射方向函数;结合麦克斯韦方程和本构关系,得出了PCA的色散方程,求出PCA的表面波波矢。重点讨论了PCA的辐射特性随等离子体密度、天线长度、半径及纵向速度的变化,得出一些有益的结论,为PCA的实现打下坚实的理论基础。
In order to make up for the deficiency of the existing high power microwave radiation antenna, a plasma channel antenna (PCA) is proposed and the radiation characteristics of the antenna are studied. According to the working principle of PCA, PCA is equivalent to a uniform cold magnetized plasma beam with transverse and axial drift of electrons, and it is considered that the cross section of the plasma beam is a circle which does not change along the axial direction. According to the Maxwell’s equations and the constitutive relation, the dispersion equation of PCA is obtained, and the wave vector of surface wave of PCA is obtained. The radiation characteristics of PCA are mainly discussed with the changes of plasma density, antenna length, radius and longitudinal velocity. Some useful conclusions are drawn, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the realization of PCA.