论文部分内容阅读
采用砂滤管田间模拟方法，对不同有机物料在冀西北高寒半干旱区栗钙土中的转化特点及控制因素进行了研究。结果表明：（１）有机物（肥）料在栗钙土中初期前３个月分解较快，矿化碳累积量大，此后逐渐变慢，至腐解２年时所有有机物（肥）料渐趋稳定状态．不同有机物（肥）料的分解速率表现为：猪粪＞羊粪＞牛粪＞马粪＞农家肥（土圈粪）．秸秆类有机物料以小麦秸分解最慢，其它则无明显差异．至腐解２年时所有物（肥）料渐趋稳定状态．（２）栗钙土中有机物（肥）料的腐殖化系数变动在０．２５～０．７２之间，并表现为农家肥＞马粪＞牛粪＞羊粪＞猪粪；小麦秸＞莜麦秸＞披碱草；豆科秸秆十分相近．土壤有机质矿化率在ｌ．１０％～４．５３％范围内，坡梁栗钙土为２．８６～４．５３％，旱滩草甸栗钙土为ｌ．１０～３．７３％．（３）应用土壤有机质平衡定量施肥模式，计算了栗钙土为维持中低产和高产土壤有机质平衡所需的平均临界有机肥年施用量．
The sand filtration tube field simulation method was used to study the transformation characteristics and control factors of different organic materials in the chestnut soil in the alpine semiarid region of northwestern Hebei Province. The results showed that: (1) organic matter (fertilizer) material in the chestnut soil in the first three months of decomposition faster, mineralized carbon accumulation, and then gradually slow down to decompose all organic matter To stabilize the state. Different organic matter (fertilizer) decomposition rate of the material performance: pig manure> sheep manure> cow manure> horse manure> manure (earth ring manure). Straw organic matter decomposition of wheat straw slowest, the other no significant difference. To decompose 2 years when the material (fertilizer) material stabilized. (2) The humification coefficient of organic matter (fertilizer) in chestnut soil varied from 0.25 to 0.72, and showed that the farmhouse manure> horse dung> cow dung> sheep dung> pig dung; wheat straw>莜 straw> Elymus; legume straw is very similar. Soil organic matter mineralization rate l. In the range of 10% ~ 4.53%, the chestnut soil is 2.86 ~ 4.53%, the chestnut soil is l. 10 ~ 3.73%. (3) Based on the balanced quantitative fertilization mode of soil organic matter, the average annual critical organic fertilizer application amount needed to maintain the balance of organic matter of middle-low yield and high yield soil was calculated.