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水平井采油是石油工程中新的重大课题之一 ,尤其对于开采稠油、低渗、裂缝性、底水和气顶油藏以及老井的后期挖潜有明显效益。由于水平井与油藏接触段较长 ,井内压降较大 ,其沿程压降对产油量有很大影响。因此 ,掌握水平段的流动损失和压降规律 ,对优化水平井长度及开采工艺设计、准确预测水平井产油量是非常重要的。在实际水平井中 ,沿程不断有流体从管壁孔眼流入井筒 ,这是一种变质量流动 ,这种流动比常规的管道流动复杂得多。文中采用数值方法研究壁面注入对管流压降及壁面摩擦阻力的影响 ,给出单支管流动损失并总结压降系数与壁面注入速度及截面雷诺数的变化规律。多支管流动损失将在《水平井变质量管内流动损失的数值研究 (二 ) :多支孔流动》中介绍。
Horizontal well production is one of the major new topics in petroleum engineering. It has obvious benefits especially in the later tapping of heavy oil, low permeability, fractured, bottom water and gas cap reservoirs and old wells. Due to the long horizontal contact with the reservoir, the pressure drop in the well is large, and the pressure drop along the well has a great impact on oil production. Therefore, grasping the law of flow loss and pressure drop in the horizontal section is very important for optimizing the length of the horizontal well and the design of the mining process, and accurately predicting the horizontal well oil production. In practical horizontal wells, there is a continuous flow of fluid from the bore of the pipe wall into the wellbore, which is a variable mass flow that is much more complex than conventional pipe flow. In this paper, the numerical method is used to study the influence of wall injection on tube pressure drop and wall friction resistance. The single-tube flow loss is given and the variation law of pressure drop coefficient, wall injection speed and cross-section Reynolds number are summarized. Multi-branch flow losses will be described in “Numerical Study of Flow Loss in a Horizontal Well with Variable Mass (Part 2): Multiple Branch Flows”.