经验科学给人们带来的物质利益和实际的好处是不容争辩的。但是,哲学的作用却不是明显的,因为它不能直接给人们带来即刻的社会功效。于是很多人重新开始怀疑哲学的社会功能以至哲学的存在价值。为了使哲学“有用”,西方资产阶级某些哲学学派尝试对传统的哲学进行改造。这些学派拒斥传统哲学中的形而上学问题,亦即否定哲学的高度抽象性和高度概括性,而使哲学趋近于经验科学和精密科学。例如,逻辑实证主义、实用主义和分析学 It is indisputable that the material benefits and practical benefits of empirical science give to people. However, the role of philosophy is not obvious, because it can not bring immediate immediate social effects to people. So many people resume their suspicion of the social function of philosophy and the existence value of philosophy. In order to make philosophy “useful,” some philosophical schools of the Western bourgeoisie attempt to reform traditional philosophy. These schools refute the metaphysics in traditional philosophy, that is, negate the high degree of abstractness and highly generality of philosophy, and make philosophy approach to empirical science and precision science. For example, logical positivism, pragmatism and analytics