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由于冷挤压的变形力学图形特点,限制黑色金属常用钢材冷挤压变形程度的主要障碍往往首先在于模具所能承受的单位挤压力。模具许用单位挤压力的数值应根据模具材质质量、模具结构特性以及所要求的模具寿命加以决定;许用变形程度亦受到上述各因素的影响。在目前情况下,可按200~250公斤/毫米~2范围的许用单位压力决定许用变形程度。作者根据所提出的“等压”原则,给出了黑色金属冷挤压工序许用变形程度的图线与计算公式,其中考虑了挤压钢材的含碳量、毛坯硬度、毛坯相对高度以及模具几何形状各个因素的影响。
Due to the characteristics of cold extrusion deformation mechanics graphics, the main obstacle to limit the degree of cold extrusion deformation of commonly used ferrous metals often lies first in the unit squeeze force that the mold can withstand. Die extrusion unit should be based on the numerical value of the quality of the mold material, mold structure and the required life of the mold to be determined; allowable degree of deformation is also affected by the above factors. In the present case, the permissible unit pressure in the range of 200-250 kg / mm2 can be used to determine the degree of permissible deformation. According to the proposed principle of “equal pressure”, the author gives a graph of the allowable deformation of the ferrous metal during the cold extrusion process. The calculation method includes the carbon content of the extruded steel, the hardness of the blank, the relative height of the blank, The impact of various factors on geometry.