已知病毒可在各种动物(从两栖类到灵长类)中引起恶性肿瘤,但是,几十年来的研究未能获得关于病毒诱致人类肿瘤的决定性证据。在人类中进行病毒致癌性试验显然存在着困难,因此,问题在于情况证据是否非常有力,足以确定病毒的致癌性。除了乙型肝炎病毒与人类肝癌有明显联系外,还有四类主要的致瘤病毒已被识别,它们依次为疱疹病毒、腺病毒、乳多空病毒(都是DNA病毒)和小RNA“逆转”病毒或“肿瘤”病毒。疱疹病毒群的不同成员可引起蛙肾腺癌、鸡恶性淋巴增殖性疾病(Marek病)以及狨猴和美洲猴的淋巴瘤。在人类,形态学上 Viruses are known to cause malignancies in a variety of animals, from amphibians to primates, but decades of research have failed to obtain conclusive evidence of virus-induced human tumors. There is obviously some difficulty in carrying out viral carcinogenicity tests in humans, so the question is whether the evidence of the situation is very powerful enough to determine the carcinogenicity of the virus. In addition to the apparent link between hepatitis B virus and human hepatocellular carcinoma, there are also four major oncolytic viruses that have been identified as herpes virus, adenovirus, papovavirus (both DNA viruses) and small RNA “ Reversal ”virus or “ tumor ”virus. Different members of the herpes virus group can cause frog kidney cancer, chicken’s lymphatic proliferative disease (Marek’s disease), and lymphoma in marmosets and monkeys. In humans, morphology