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目的 探讨退休老年群体心身健康与心理社会因素的关系。方法 对 2 98例退休老人施测艾森克人格问卷、特质应对问卷、生活事件量表和 90项症状自评量表 ,以及做有关身体和血液生化学检查。分析各心理社会因素分别与心理健康水平的相关性 ,并以心理症状总量分为应变量作多元逐步回归分析 ,以寻找老人心理健康水平受哪些心理社会应激因素的影响 ;同时 ,统计和分析老人身体健康水平受心理社会因素影响的可能性。结果 生活事件、消极应对和情绪不稳定个性特征三项心理应激因素与心理症状各种量分之间有正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ,积极应对和外向个性两项心理应激因素与心理症状各种量分之间有负相关 (P <0 .0 1) ;多元逐步回归分析以情绪不稳定性、积极应对、消极应对三项进入方程 ;情绪不稳定性 (N分 )、消极应对和SCL 90总分等心理社会指标与血小板功能、血甘油三脂和载脂蛋白B等指标有部分相关 ;患有心血管病、糖尿病和慢性支气管炎等疾病的退休老人存在较多的消极心理社会因素 ,包括内向和情绪不稳定、心理痛苦症状多和消极的应对方式等。结论 应对方式和个性特征是影响退休老人心理健康水平的主要因素 ;消极的心理社会因素可能对老年的心血管系统有直接的和不良的生物化学影响 ,与老年身体疾病也可能存在?
Objective To explore the relationship between mental health and psychosocial factors in retired elderly population. Methods Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Trait Response Questionnaire, Life Events Scale and 90 Symptom Checklist 90 were administered to 2 98 retired elderly people, and their physical and blood biochemical tests were performed. To analyze the correlation between psychosocial factors and mental health level respectively, and divide the total amount of psychological symptoms into dependent variables for multiple stepwise regression analysis to find out which psychosocial stress factors affect the mental health of the elderly. At the same time, Analyze the possibility that the elderly’s health may be affected by psychosocial factors. Results Life events, negative coping and emotional instability personality characteristics of three psychological stress factors and psychological symptoms were positively correlated (P <0 01), positive coping and extroverted personality two psychological stress factors (P <0.01). The multivariate stepwise regression analysis was based on the emotional instability, positive response, negative response to the three entry equations; emotional instability (N score) Negative coping and SCL 90 total score psychosocial indicators were associated with some aspects of platelet function, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B; retired seniors with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic bronchitis had more negative Psychosocial factors, including introverted and emotional instability, psychological symptoms and more negative coping styles. Conclusion Coping style and personality characteristics are the main factors affecting the mental health of retired people. Negative psychosocial factors may have direct and adverse biochemical effects on elderly cardiovascular system, and may also exist in elderly with physical diseases.