近一时期以来,不断有新闻媒体报道我国第一代实用型地效飞行器即将投入运行的消息,本刊1997年第1期也有报道。那么,什么是地效,什么又是地效飞行器呢? “地效”是地面效应的简称,所谓地面效应是指地(水)面对飞行器的空气动力干扰,当飞行器接近地面或水面飞行时,地(水)面将影响空气绕飞行器的流动,使飞行器的空气动力特性与远离地面时不同,这种影响随飞行器距离地(水)面高度的增加而迅速减小。 Since a recent period, there have been news reports about the first generation of practical land-based aircraft of our country coming into operation. The first issue of 1997 was also reported. So, what is the effectiveness of the ground, what is the ground effective aircraft? “Ground efficiency ” is the short name of the ground effect, the so-called ground effect refers to ground (water) aircraft aerodynamic interference, when the aircraft close to the ground or water During flight, the ground surface will affect the flow of air around the aircraft, making the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft different from those on the ground. This effect will decrease rapidly with the increase of the altitude of the aircraft from the ground.